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“Skeptic about evil and kind words” – a review of a new view in Xunzi’s research
Author: Yang Zebo
Source: The author authorized the Confucian network to release, original “Exploring the experience and fighting” 2023 Issue 6
[Abstract]: “Skeptic about evil and kind words” is a new comment on the theory of Xunzi people in recent years. This kind of comment seems to be open to both “nature evil” and “kindness”. Taking material desires as evil as evil or looking at the results of unlimited development as evil as evil is a problem in the discussion of “sexual evil” needs; lacking the powerless support of benevolence, Inclusively relying on intellectual cognitive heart to sing a unique role, can it be guaranteed that the heart must be good? This is a problem in the discussion of “good heart” needs. Whether it is necessary to determine “Buzhi” as an early work of Xunzi, and to establish Xunzi’s old age to determine the phenomenon of Xunzi’s recollection in his late years, it realized the problem that Mencius and Xunzi would be connected to a certain level, and it also needs to be discussed further.
[Keyword]: Confucian ethics, Xunzi, evil nature, kind heart
Author: Yang Zebo, a lecture at the Shandong Big School Yi and Chinese Modern Philosophy Research Institute, a lecture at the School of Philosophy of the Dalian Big School, and a purpose of the discussion, pre-Qin Philosophy and modern new Confucianism
In recent years, Xunzi’s discussion has been a major hot topic, with many new results, which is gratifying. Liang Bin’s “nature, evil and kind words” are one of them. In the process of sorting out the Confucian development framework based on the Confucian ethics [1] principles, I have made new thoughts on this issue and have some differences of understanding. I have proposed to negotiate with him to cooperate to promote the continuous development of Xunzi’s research and discussion.
1. The meaning of “nature evil and good-speaking” is a new understanding of Xunzi’s humanitarian theory that Liang Bi has devoted himself to studying in recent years, and has a great influence in the academic world. In the article “Xunzi’s Humane Discussion – Discussion on Xunzi’s Nature and Good Mind” [2], he gave a systematic explanation of this view. The article focuses on the discussion of “Nature Abuse” in “Nature Abuse”, which points out that this sentence is analyzed from two aspects: one is nature Abuse and the other is good at sanity. The former shows that humanity is evil, while the latter explains why people are good.
The first is “sexuality”. existLiang Bi looked at it, Xunzi believed that people have the nature of “benefit”, “evil”, and “love of voice and sex”. The “nature” here refers to birth, and the “born and existence” mentioned by Xunzi means that it is born. For a long time, people often simplified Xunzi’s sexual misconceptions to “humanity is inherently evil” [3]. In recent years, this understanding has been greatly affected. Many people believe that Xunzi is not evil in his psychological desire to speak, but as long as he does not regulate his raising market and transcends the provisions of gifts, his poor results will be evil. This is actually a proposition of a sexual habit, and he is said to be very popular. [4] Liang Bi held a different opinion and believed that Xunzi clearly stated that “born is profitable”, “博官网博官网博官网博官网博官网博官网博官网博官网博官网博官网博官网博官网博官网博官网博官网博官网博官网博Benefits mean greed, and being jealous means jealousy and hatefulness. Being good and being tempted is different from the desire to reason. These three aspects are not good. “What is called evil is biased and contradictory.” Deviation refers to deviation and danger, and deviance refers to distortion and confusion. The desire for profit, evil, and good voice are evil, while the consequences are evil. Xunzi’s “human nature is evil” refers to this kind of evil, so it is impossible to say that Xunzi’s nature is just a simple and has no evil. In short, human material desires are regarded as evil, and Xunzi spoke of evil in this meaning.
The second is “kindness”. Liang Bin immediately raised this question: Since nature is evil, why do people produce good? This is a problem with understanding the word “吉”. “Sweeping is not an ordinary act, but a work of the heart, a thoughtful activity and triggering behavior of the heart, with clear value connotation and request.” There is a word ” According to the original work of the word ‘无’, it expresses a kind of mental state, which is not behavior but mental state.” [5] Continuing the explanation of ‘无’, Liang Bin assessed the usage of the word “无” in “Xunzi” and found that “无” in “Xunzi” means both negative and positive. The phenomenon of conflict is very likely because Xunzi used two different words to express these two meanings. One is “天” which refers to 椩機 and 椩機; the other is “”, which refers to the choices and behaviors made by the mind after thinking about it. Liang Bin went on to conclude: “The purpose of “Xunzi: Nature Abuse” is “the nature of a man is evil, and the good is evil.” In this, “天” should be used simply as “天” refers to the thought and the work of the heart. This not only points out the nature of abhorrence, but also points out the thought and activity of goodness from the heart, which reminds life. The downward force represented by ‘nature’ and the upward force represented by ‘heart’, and the assessment of humanity through the opposition of good and evil is actually put forward the saying of ‘heart’. “In a nutshell, the so-called ‘heart’ is “the mind is oriented towards goodness and can be good” [6].
After that, Liang Bin wrote another setThe article specifically evaluates the epoch-like development of Xunzi’s humanitarian theory. According to the three stages of Xunzi’s life, Xunzi lived in Zhao, Youqi, and retreated to Lanling, each article in Xunzi was divided into four groups to prove that Xunzi revised his previous views in his later years, and had a tendency to revise his thoughts towards Si Meng, and further provide evidence for his “talking good-heartedly”.
The first group is “The Rich Country” and “Greetings”. This can be a work by Xunzi’s Zhao period. Its feature is the work of the baohuan.com. Its characteristic is that it puts forward emotional-intellectual statements. At this time, Xunzi called emotional desire and material knowledge and ability as nature. On the one hand, it leads to endless conflicts from emotion and nature, and the whole country is in chaos. On the other hand, people’s intelligence can make choices and judgments, make gifts, and serve gifts. This thought laid the foundation for the later sexual statements in “Realizing Names” and “Natural Abnormality”. However, “The Rich Country” and “Glory and Incest” are different from “Realization of Names” and “Natural Abnormal”. They neither put forward clear concepts of sexual abnormality, and there are also ambiguities in the application of sexual concepts. Not only do they call emotional nature and intellectual nature a nature, but they also regard the innate ability to know (knowledge) and the acquired knowledge results (knowledge) as nature. [7]
The second group is “Gift Commentary”, “Correction of Names” and “Natural Evil”, which represents Xunzi’s thoughts in the middle period. The characteristic of this period is that it proposes sex-scatteredness, no longer regards knowledge as sex, but rather proposes sex to unite knowledge and what you know. “Gifts” proposes sexual speech, but from the perspective of language, its importance refers to auspicious and happy feelings and love for the people, and what it calls evil and important refers to the essay of gifts; “Justice” clearly defines the connotation of sexual and evil through two redefinitions of sexual and evil, and marks the maturity of Xunzi’s nature-sexual speech; “Sexual Abuse” explores and analyzes humanity, and proposes sexual abuse and evil. [8]
The third group is “The Royal System” and “Tags: Entertainment Circle, Female Strong Girls, Female Supporters, Time Travel Non-Fairy”. This group can be up at the same time or a little later than the second group. It does not like the first two groups that illustrate a person’s moral subject from intellectuality or disgust, but instead proposes “discrimination” and “meaning” to express the physical efficacy of being conscious or being TC:
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